XINLI BOILER

Analysis of Common Problems in Boiler Operation

09 Feb, 2022

　　1. Boiler host problem

　　1. The amount of coal leakage from the grate is too large.

　　2. The air chambers of the boiler cannot be sealed, and the air chambers are connected to each other. The adjustable performance of the air volume baffle is poor, and some are almost impossible to adjust. Therefore, it is difficult to properly distribute the air according to each combustion section on the fire bed, and the damper is often left open and left as it is. The air leakage between the grate and the side wall is serious, which affects the normal combustion in the furnace to a certain extent. In addition, there is air leakage in the ash pit at the rear of the boiler and the furnace wall. The measured excess air coefficient αpy of the boiler is 3.1, and air leakage is the main reason.

　　3. The thermal insulation of the boiler body is not good, the local temperature of the furnace wall reaches 80 ℃, and the heat loss reaches about 5%.

　　4. The ash in the heated area of ​​the tail is more serious. At present, there is no soot blowing device in the boiler, and no other effective soot cleaning measures have been taken, resulting in deterioration of heat transfer and high exhaust gas temperature.

　　5. At present, the boilers in use are not equipped with complete instruments, especially the instruments that display the economical operation parameters of the boilers are lacking. Because the boiler is not equipped with measuring instruments such as flow meter, oxygen meter, coal meter, temperature meter, air pressure meter, etc., and lacks the necessary testing methods, it is impossible to measure the flow rate, coal combustion, excess air coefficient, and carbon content in slag. , flue gas temperature and other economical operating parameters. Therefore, when the operator is adjusting, often due to lack of data, they cannot make accurate judgments on the operating status of the boiler at any time, and cannot implement corresponding operating adjustments when the combustion and operating conditions of the boiler change, so that the boiler is in the best working condition. condition operation.

　　6. The automatic control level is low, and the automatic control of combustion and load adjustment cannot be realized. The combustion and operation adjustment of the boiler becomes difficult to operate and master, and it is impossible to keep the boiler operation in a continuous and stable state and quickly adapt to changes in working conditions. Operators are labor-intensive.

　　7. The actual operation effect of the layered coal feeding device is not ideal. The thickness distribution of the coal seam along the grate is extremely uneven, and the difference between the thickness of the coal seam is about 50mm, which destroys the normal combustion state of the fire bed, resulting in the excess air coefficient and the carbon content of the slag being too large. .

　　2. Analysis of the existing problems of boiler auxiliary equipment

　　1. The operation efficiency of auxiliary machines is low, and the drum, induced draft fan, feed water pump and circulating water pump operate at low efficiency for a long time. Pumps and fans cannot be adjusted with variable speed according to the operating conditions, but rely on the throttling of baffles and valves to adjust the flow or pressure, which will inevitably make the equipment in a high consumption and low output operating state, and increase the boiler's own energy consumption ratio.

　　2. The average efficiency of the water pump is less than 50%, the efficiency of the fan is less than 60%, and the energy consumption is relatively large.

　　3. The water treatment equipment has been out of use for many years, and there are currently no treatment measures.